Published on: March 7, 2023
Written by Gian Camilo / Fact-checked by Harun Khan
Coolant is a crucial fluid that plays a vital role in several applications, including automotive, industrial, and marine engines. Its primary function is to absorb and dissipate heat, thereby preventing engines from overheating and causing severe damage. Coolant also inhibits the formation of rust and corrosion, which can lead to engine breakdowns and costly repairs.
Choosing the right type of coolant for your application is crucial. Factors such as compatibility with the engine, ambient temperature, and specific application should be considered when selecting a coolant. Different types of coolants have various properties, such as freeze point, boiling point, and viscosity. Hence, understanding the importance of coolant and its types can help you make an informed decision when selecting a coolant for your application.
The Role of Coolant in Cooling Systems
The role of coolant in cooling systems cannot be overstated. The primary function of coolant is to transfer heat from the engine to the radiator, where it is then released into the atmosphere. If the engine is not cooled properly, it can overheat, which can cause severe damage and lead to costly repairs.
Coolant also prevents corrosion and rust buildup within the engine by inhibiting the formation of rust and corrosion on metal parts. Rust and corrosion can cause blockages within the cooling system, leading to overheating and engine damage.
Using the wrong type of coolant can cause damage to the engine. For instance, using an Ethylene Glycol-based coolant in an engine designed for Propylene Glycol-based coolant can cause damage to the engine. It is essential to use the coolant recommended by the manufacturer to avoid engine damage.
Factors to consider when choosing a coolant include the ambient temperature, the specific application, and compatibility with the engine. Different coolants have different properties, such as freeze point, boiling point, and viscosity. Hence, it is essential to select the right coolant for your application based on these factors.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Coolant
Choosing the right coolant for your application is essential to ensure optimal performance and prevent engine damage. Several factors should be considered when selecting a coolant, including:
Ambient Temperature
The ambient temperature of the operating environment is a crucial factor in determining the type of coolant to use. Coolants have different freeze points, and using a coolant with a freeze point lower than the operating temperature can cause the coolant to freeze and damage the engine. On the other hand, using a coolant with a freeze point higher than the operating temperature can cause the coolant to boil and lead to overheating.
Specific Application
The specific application of the engine is another crucial factor in selecting a coolant. Engines used in different applications, such as automotive, industrial, and marine, have different cooling requirements. It is essential to use the coolant recommended by the manufacturer for the specific application to prevent engine damage and ensure optimal performance.
Compatibility with the Engine
Using the wrong type of coolant can cause damage to the engine. It is essential to use the coolant recommended by the manufacturer to avoid engine damage. Engines designed for Ethylene Glycol-based coolants should not be used with Propylene Glycol-based coolants and vice versa.
Water Quality
The quality of water used in the coolant mixture can affect the performance of the coolant. Water with high mineral content can cause scaling and deposit buildup within the cooling system, reducing the effectiveness of the coolant. Therefore, using distilled or deionized water is recommended when mixing with coolant.
Maintenance Requirements
Different types of coolants have different maintenance requirements. Some coolants require regular testing and top-ups, while others are long-life and require minimal maintenance. It is essential to consider the maintenance requirements when selecting a coolant to ensure it aligns with your maintenance schedule and budget.
Types of Coolants
There are several types of coolants available for different applications, each with its advantages and disadvantages. The most common types of coolants include:
Ethylene Glycol-Based Coolants
Ethylene Glycol-based coolants are the most commonly used coolants in automotive applications. They have a low freeze point, making them suitable for use in cold environments. They are toxic and can be harmful to humans and animals. Ethylene Glycol-based coolants can cause damage to some types of seals and gaskets, leading to leaks.
Propylene Glycol-Based Coolants
Propylene Glycol-based coolants are non-toxic and have lower toxicity than Ethylene Glycol-based coolants. They have a higher freeze point than Ethylene Glycol-based coolants, making them suitable for use in warmer environments. Propylene Glycol-based coolants are also less corrosive and less likely to cause damage to seals and gaskets.
Hybrid Organic Acid Technology (HOAT) Coolants
HOAT coolants are a combination of organic acid and silicate-based inhibitors. They offer excellent corrosion protection and are long-lasting, making them suitable for use in heavy-duty applications such as industrial and marine engines. However, they are more expensive than other types of coolants.
Inorganic Acid Technology (IAT) Coolants
IAT coolants are the most basic type of coolant and are made up of inorganic acids such as phosphates and silicates. They offer low-cost and basic protection against rust and corrosion. They require frequent testing and top-ups and are not suitable for use in heavy-duty applications.
Organic Acid Technology (OAT) Coolants
OAT coolants are a more advanced type of coolant that uses organic acids such as carboxylic acid and organic acid salts to provide corrosion protection. They are long-lasting and offer excellent protection against rust and corrosion. However, they are more expensive than IAT coolants.
The most common types of coolants are Ethylene Glycol-based, Propylene Glycol-based, HOAT, IAT, and OAT coolants, each with its advantages and disadvantages.
Comparing Coolant Types
When comparing different types of coolants, several factors should be considered, including cost, toxicity, corrosion protection, freeze point, and maintenance requirements.
Cost: The cost of coolants varies depending on the type of coolant and the application. Generally, Ethylene Glycol-based coolants are the least expensive, followed by Propylene Glycol-based coolants, IAT coolants, OAT coolants, and HOAT coolants.
Toxicity: The toxicity of coolants can be harmful to humans and animals. Ethylene Glycol-based coolants are highly toxic and require careful handling and disposal. Propylene Glycol-based coolants are less toxic but can still cause skin irritation and eye damage.
Corrosion Protection: Coolants protect the engine against corrosion and rust. HOAT and OAT coolants offer the most comprehensive protection against corrosion, followed by IAT coolants, Ethylene Glycol-based coolants, and Propylene Glycol-based coolants.
Freeze Point: The freezing point of the coolant is essential in preventing engine damage. Ethylene Glycol-based coolants have a lower freeze point, making them suitable for use in colder environments. Propylene Glycol-based coolants have a higher freeze point, making them suitable for use in warmer environments.
Maintenance Requirements: Coolants have different maintenance requirements, with some requiring frequent testing and top-ups, while others are long-lasting and require minimal maintenance. Ethylene Glycol-based coolants require regular testing and top-ups, while Propylene Glycol-based coolants are long-lasting and require minimal maintenance.
If you want to know why is your car sputtering after the oil change? Click here to know the answer.
Maintenance of Cooling Systems
Maintaining a cooling system is essential to ensure optimal engine performance, prevent overheating, and extend the life of the engine. Here are some tips for maintaining a cooling system:
Check Coolant Levels
Regularly check the coolant level to ensure that it is at the recommended level. Low coolant levels can cause the engine to overheat, leading to engine damage.
Check Coolant Condition
The condition of the coolant should be checked regularly, and any signs of contamination, such as rust or debris, should be addressed immediately. Contaminated coolant can cause blockages in the cooling system and lead to engine damage.
Replace Coolant
Coolant should be replaced according to the manufacturer’s recommendations or at regular intervals, typically every two years or 30,000 miles. Old coolant can lose its effectiveness, leading to corrosion and rust.
Check Hoses and Belts
Check the hoses and belts for signs of wear and tear, such as cracks or leaks, and replace them as needed. Damaged hoses and belts can cause the cooling system to malfunction and lead to engine damage.
Flush Cooling System
Flushing the cooling system can help remove any contaminants that may have accumulated and improve the effectiveness of the coolant. Flushing should be done according to the manufacturer’s recommendations or at regular intervals, typically every five years or 100,000 miles.
Use Recommended Coolant
Always use the recommended coolant for your engine, as specified by the manufacturer. Using the wrong coolant can lead to engine damage and void the warranty.
Check Radiator
Regularly check the radiator for signs of damage or blockages, such as debris or rust. A damaged or blocked radiator can cause the engine to overheat and lead to engine damage.
It is also essential to refer to the manufacturer’s recommendations and seek the advice of a professional if you notice any signs of engine trouble.
Last Assumption
The cooling system is an essential component of any vehicle or machinery with an internal combustion engine. Coolant plays a crucial role in the cooling system, preventing the engine from overheating and sustaining damage. When choosing a coolant, several factors should be considered, such as cost, toxicity, corrosion protection, freeze point, and maintenance requirements.
Regular maintenance of the cooling system is necessary to ensure optimal engine performance and prevent overheating, which can cause severe engine damage. Checking the coolant levels and condition, replacing coolant at regular intervals, checking hoses and belts, flushing the system, using recommended coolant, and checking the radiator are all critical maintenance steps.
Maintaining a cooling system requires careful attention to detail, adherence to manufacturer recommendations, and regular monitoring to ensure the system’s optimal performance.
It’s important to know that Eco-friendly ACEA-certified motor oil is an excellent choice for drivers who are looking to reduce their carbon footprint and protect the environment. Here is a details explanation.